How to Become a Radiologic Technologist

Radiologic technologists — commonly called rad techs or X-ray techs — use imaging technology to help physicians diagnose and treat diseases and injuries. They operate X-ray machines, CT scanners, MRI machines, and other imaging equipment to produce diagnostic images. It's a high-tech, patient-focused career with excellent pay and a clear path to advancement across multiple imaging modalities.

The BLS reports radiologic technologists earn a median annual wage of $68,870. Specialized modalities like MRI and CT push earnings significantly higher. Job growth is projected at 6% through 2033.

What Does a Radiologic Technologist Do?

Rad techs work in hospitals, imaging centers, orthopedic clinics, and emergency departments. Core responsibilities:

• Positioning patients correctly for optimal image quality
• Operating and calibrating imaging equipment
• Administering contrast agents (dye) when required for enhanced imaging
• Protecting patients and themselves from unnecessary radiation exposure
• Producing and transmitting images for radiologist review
• Maintaining patient records and preparing rooms for exams

Step 1 — Complete an Accredited Radiography Program

To become an RT(R) (Radiologic Technologist, Radiography), you must complete a radiography program accredited by the Joint Review Committee on Education in Radiologic Technology (JRCERT). Programs include:

• Associate degree (most common): 2 years — available at community colleges and hospital-based programs
• Bachelor's degree: 4 years — preferred for advancement to management or specialized practice
• Hospital-based diploma programs: 2–3 years, becoming less common

Coursework covers radiographic exposure, anatomy, patient care, radiation protection, and clinical rotations in hospital imaging departments.

Step 2 — Pass the ARRT Exam

The American Registry of Radiologic Technologists (ARRT) administers the national certification exam for radiologic technologists. Passing this exam and earning RT(R)(ARRT) credentials is required for employment in virtually all clinical settings.

The ARRT exam covers radiation protection, equipment operation, image production, procedures, and patient care. Most states also require state licensure in addition to ARRT certification.

Step 3 — Expand Into Advanced Imaging Modalities

One of the biggest advantages of starting in radiography is the ability to add certifications in additional imaging modalities — each of which increases your salary:

• CT (Computed Tomography) — CT(ARRT): Median $75,000–$85,000
• MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) — MR(ARRT): Median $78,000–$95,000
• Mammography — M(ARRT): Dedicated breast imaging, growing demand
• Interventional Radiology — VI(ARRT): Procedure-focused, highest-earning RT specialty — $85,000–$100,000+
• Nuclear Medicine — N(ARRT): Radioactive tracer imaging

Radiologic Technologist Salary by Modality

• X-ray Tech (entry-level): $55,000–$68,000
• CT Tech: $72,000–$88,000
• MRI Tech: $80,000–$100,000
• Interventional Radiology Tech: $85,000–$110,000

Check out our Radiologic Technologist career profile for JRCERT-accredited programs and state licensing requirements.